The Great Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Great Depression - Essay Example September twentieth saw the accident of the London Stock Exchange after the capture of various key players in that showcase. As of now the market’s establishment was unstable, costs were expanding and decreasing as often as possible numerous individuals couldn't remain in the market. The market lost about 12% of its incentive at its opening on October 24th this was called Black Thursday. On October 28, additional financial specialists left the securities exchange and the market slide extended considerably further. On 29th called â€Å"Black Tuesday†, the securities exchange exchanged around 15 million; the Dow had lost a whole of 68 focuses in the two days. Soon thereafter countless stocks exchanged that day made that market to lose more than $20 billion in the stock trade. At the point when the securities exchange fell, individuals froze selling their stocks at lower than typical costs to anybody ready to purchase. The market fall was the equivalent for practically all nations aside from Japan. The U.S economy was extraordinarily influenced since the vast majority of the financial specialists had set their income in the securities exchange. Organizations couldn't get capital for new undertakings. Banks and enterprises got bankrupt. This prompted the conclusion of organizations and banks, diminished cash course, terminating of workers and less creation. With less pay, the degree of utilization of the normal customer declined. Because of every one of these impacts, there was huge joblessness. Individuals had disregarded horticulture and moved to the urban areas, this is the thing that added with the impacts of the market crash. There were insufficient farming items to be sold.

Bolwbys theory of attachment Essay

Framework and Evaluate Bowlby’s Evolutionary Theory of Attachment. (12mark) Attachment can be depicted utilizing two speculations, one being Bowlby’s connection hypothesis which depends on a developmental point of view. The hypothesis recommends that advancement has delivered a conduct that is basic to the endurance to permit the passing on of qualities. A baby that holds near their mom is bound to endure. The characteristics that lead to that connection will be normally chosen. Bowlby has the possibility that connection has advanced and it is natural as it improves the probability of endurance and generation, he recommends that kids are as of now brought into the world with this intrinsic drive and that they were destined to play out these practices and destined to accomplish connection. To upgrade the endurance of their posterity providing care is likewise versatile and we are destined to think about our kids. He recommends that newborn children were brought into the world with social releasers (for instance: crying/grinning) which empower providing care. Bowlby additionally recommends that there is a best an ideal opportunity to frame a connection, this is known as the touchy period where newborn children are generally delicate to advancement of connections and Bowlby would propose this is the point at which the kid is 3-6 months old. Be that as it may, connection can at present occur at different occasions yet it turns out to be progressively troublesome. Connection goes about as a protected base for investigation, which impacts autonomy as opposed to reliance. Bowlby contends that newborn children structure a solitary uncommon connection with one specific connection figure, typically the mother. This is called monotropy. Different connections may create in an order. A baby may subsequently have an essential monotropy connection to its mom, and underneath her the progression of connections may incorporate its dad, kin, grandparents, and so on. Another key element of Bowlby’s hypothesis is that the newborn child builds up an inside working model of connections that guides relationship conduct as a more seasoned kid and a grown-up. This prompts the congruity speculation and the view that there is a connection between the early connection and later enthusiastic conduct. A quality of this hypothesis is that examination seems to recommend that once the touchy period has passed it is hard to shape connections. Hodges and Tizard (1989) found that youngsters who have shaped no connections had later troubles with their companions. This accordingly bolsters Bowlby’s idea of a touchy period during which newborn children are generally delicate to the advancement of connections. Another quality is that on the off chance that connection evolved as Bowlby proposes, at that point we would anticipate connection and providing care to be general. Tronick et every one of the (1992) examined an African family clan where babies were taken care of by various ladies yet laid down with their own mom around evening time. Be that as it may, in spite of this, following a half year the youngsters all despite everything gave one essential connection. This backings the view that we are destined to accomplish connection since connection and providing care are general and not impacted by various societies. At last, Bowlby recommended that newborn children structure different connections which at that point structure a chain of importance and there is a lot of proof to help this. The examination by Schaffer and Emerson likewise found that most newborn children have numerous connections. They announced that there was little connection between time spent together and connection. This recommends it is the nature of providing care instead of its amount. This backings Bowlby’s hypothesis since it conflicts with the Learning hypothesis as the learning hypothesis proposes that food is the principle key to building up a connection. A shortcoming of this hypothesis is the different connection model as this model recommends that there are no essential and optional connections however rather they are totally incorporated into one single model. Grossman and Grossman looked into newborn child father connection and found that there is a key job for the father’s in social turn of events. This is an analysis on the grounds that Grossman and Grossman are proposing that there isn't one specific figure as Bowlby recommends yet that fathers and moms both assume a job in the advancement of a kid and along these lines the two of them are as significant as one another. Another shortcoming incorporates the inward working model as indicated by Bowlby it is normal that kids structure comparable connections with all individuals since they are working from a similar model. Sheep (1977) found that a few youngsters structure secure associations with their moms and unreliable associations with their dads. This proposes there is a whole other world to connection than only a touchy reaction to a social releaser. Kagan (1984) found that youngsters have an inborn demeanor, e. g. nice or troublesome, that impacts early connections with their guardians and later connections when they are grown-ups. This is called personality theory. This implies connections structure because of demeanor not an inborn quality for connection.

Counseling Specializations and Multidisciplinary Terms Essay

This paper examines the significance of coordinated effort inside the various specializations of the advising field. Two specializations, emotional well-being guiding and addictions advising are looked into and are united to help a theoretical multi year old young lady â€Å"Ashley† in her own training and critical thinking while in treatment. Advising Specializations and Multidisciplinary Teams The directing calling and the entirety of its specializations and the related fields that preceded, all rose because of the ineptitudes for certain people adapt to life stresses. These people were viewed as non-versatile. Newman (2012) clarifies the significance of versatility as: people who show constructive results even with genuine dangers to advancement. They may have encountered drawn out, extreme neediness; they may have a parent with a genuine dysfunctional behavior; or they may have been presented to continuous maltreatment or viciousness. Confronted with these as well as different troubles, versatile people show low degrees of mental manifestations and capacity successfully in the essential formative assignments expected for their phase of life. (pg. 78). People who couldn't fit in with â€Å"normal† cultural desires and were regularly secured up for the sake of guarding society. It didn’t matter if these people were heavy drinkers, medicate addicts, hyper depressives, damaged Vets, schizophrenics, or somebody who just endured a transitory situational experience; they were bolted up for the security of others Smith and Robinson (1995) clarify how Clifford W. Beers’s distributed self-portrayal in 1908 raised open mindfulness by enumerating his own coldhearted treatment while in an emotional wellness establishment. In 1793 the meaning of psychological wellness care was stretched out to incorporate freedom, balance, and brotherhood by Philippe Pinel who was the chief of Bicetre, the biggest mental emergency clinic in Paris. Pinel accepted that discipline was ineffectual maintaining the possibility that patients need a few degrees of commonality in their lives. Creeks and Weikel advanced the possibility of â€Å"nonmedical approaches† to psychotherapy and express this was a significant advance to the portrayal and movement of emotional well-being care. The customer focused hypothesis accentuated via Carl Rogers and Fritz Perls, additionally assisted with making ready for current health models utilized today. Addictions guiding appears to follow a comparable model and is regularly arranged under a similar umbrella as expert advising, in any case, â€Å"it is perceived that the addictions advisor needs to have particular information about what customers experience that have addictions problems† (Page, R.C., and Bailey 1995 pg. 170). White (2004) states the benefits of psychological wellness and addictions guides who cooperate: As emotional well-being experts, we owe our customers who present with addictions no less in regard, backing, or treatment than we would offer to some other customer. The directing relationship or restorative coalition is seen to be vital to accomplishing a positive result in all emotional wellness advising (Gelso and Fretz, 1992), and it is particularly significant that a positive relationship or helpful collusion be framed from the get-go in addictions guiding before the more troublesome or testing times (e.g., withdrawal side effects, backslide) happen (pg.3) For instance, consider a group that effectively unites so as to help a multi year old young lady named â€Å"Ashley†. Ashley requests that her school advocate assist her with setting up a meeting with a specialist named â€Å"Ms. Henning.† Ashley tells the school advisor that she can't focus on her homework since she is discouraged. She further clarifies that her mom just as of late re-wedded, her progression father has 2 children, and she isn't altering admirably to the circumstance. Ashley requests that the school guide address her mom for her benefit since she is reluctant to inquire. The school guide decides. Luckily, the family has medical coverage and mother is installed on the grounds that she has been worried about Ashley for a spell now and was thinking about this chance too. The primary gathering with Ms. Henning and Ashley works out in a good way. Ashley clarifies that she misses her mother. Her mother is occupied constantly. Her progression father is pleasant however she misses her â€Å"realâ dad† and her new kin are â€Å"okay† yet she gets extremely desirous now and then. Ashley is explicit and articulate while clarifying her downturn yet says that it deteriorates once in a while the day after she takes drugs with her companions. Ms. Henning discloses to Ashley everything that she thinks about medications and the pre-adult cerebrum yet proposes that Ashley get more data from an AODA advocate. Ms. Henning additionally urges Ashley to advise her mom regarding the medication use. Ashley concurs hesitantly however expresses that she would be increasingly happy with tending to this issue with mother while in meeting. Ms. Henning consents to make the plans. This advisor understands this is one of her simpler cases. The family has human services and appears to be strong as opposed to irate and cautious. Ms. Henning consistently reminds and comforts Ashley in the way this is her treatment and her decision and any recommendations that are caused will to be examined firstâ€there will be no curve balls. One of Ms. Henning’s objectives is to furnish a â€Å"crisis plan† with the school advocate for Ashley in the event that Ashley needs extra help during the school day. Ms. Henning additionally needs Ashley to see an AODA guide at any rate once every week (Mr. Checks), and will keep Mr. Increases to date on what's going on in treatment while she executes his assessments and proposals. She has conveyed this to him in a guileless way. Ms. Henning likewise would like to start family bolster for Ashley by educating and urging relatives to straightforwardly examine the family changes, potential impacts, and conceptualize potential arrangements. Ms. Henning might want to incorporate â€Å"real† Dad and new kin, eventually, if possible and suitable to Ashley and her family. Ashley’s capacity to comprehend her trouble and create adapting abilities will be incredibly expanded with a group of relatives, the specialist, the AODA advocate, the school guide, or perhaps a therapist on the off chance that it is suspected that drug may be required. Ms. Henning is committed to keeping all colleagues educated past advancement reports by planning bunch gatherings with everybody included once per month. She is committed to accepting and offering input every step of the way all through the term of Ashley’s treatment and repeats this as often as possible to each part on this â€Å"team† underlining the worth and significance of each colleague. She realizes that one field (or specialization) can't successfully deal with everything. The importance of advancing cooperation and uniting in the advising field is likewise remembered for some collegeâ counseling educational plans. McAllister, M., Morrissey, S., McAuliffe, D., Davidson, G., McConnell, H., and Reddy, P. (2011), present the significance of the collaboration of experts inside the field and how a few understudies are required to reach outside of their own specialization (or control) to associate with those understudies who have picked different trains so as to assemble a comprehension and regard between claims to fame. These understudies are required to share their own POEM’s (theory, metaphysics, epistemology and techniques) with understudies in claims to fame other than their own. Studies and research; on otherworldliness, the human body (particularly the cerebrum), pharmaceuticals, addictions, or how society, science, innovation, or government and new laws can influence people, will keep on breaking assumptions and ebb and flow worthy â€Å"norms† of life and society. The individuals who pick this field must keep up. Specializations and joint effort in guiding is by all accounts priceless and essential. References McAllister, M., Morrissey, S., McAuliffe, D., Davidson, G., McConnell, H., and Reddy, P. (2011). Showing thoughts for creating basic and valuable experiences into well-working multidisciplinary psychological well-being groups. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education, and Practice, 6(3), 117-127. oi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17556221111171711 Merta, R. J. (2001). Addictions advising. Directing and Human Development, 33(5), 1. Recovered from http://search.proquest.com.library.capella.edu/docview/206851023?accountid=27965 Newman, N. and. (2014). Advancement through life a psychosocial approach. Stamford: Cengage. Page, R. C., and Bailey, J. B. (1995). Addictions Counseling Certification: An Emerging Advising Specialty. Diary Of Counseling and Development, 74(2), 167-171. Smith, H. B., and Robinson, G. P. (1995). Psychological well-being Counseling: Past, Present, and Future. Diary Of Counseling and Development, 74(2), 158-162. White, W. (2004). The recorded substance of dependence guiding. Advisor, 5(3), 43-48.

The Ins and Outs of Assessment Essay Example for Free

The Ins and Outs of Assessment Essay What is an Assessment? As I pose myself this inquiry, recollections from my instructive experience cross my thoughts. I am compelled to review numerous tests, tests and dread that have installed my brain with a horrendous feeling of uneasiness. The dread, I accept, is the reason for the idea that I may not exceed expectations in the exercise that I had been instructed. At that point I ask myself, is that what an evaluation was intended to achieve? Through my readings, I have discovered that an evaluation is an instructive procedure that requires documentation of information that an understudy has gotten from an exercise. The documentation of the appraisal can be founded on the individual understudy or the class all in all. Appraisals are an assortment of information so as to enhance the instructive advancement of a student. Evaluations likewise help improve the learning measures and benchmarks inside the study hall. This training will permit me, as an instructor, to improve my showing capacity and develop as a superior teacher. I have likewise learned, through my readings, what an evaluation isn't. An appraisal isn't a ultimate objective that decides a student’s instructive worth in a branch of knowledge. Appraisals are not by any means the only information that is utilized in assessing the advancement of an understudy in a specific program of study. The way toward surveying students’ progress is just pointless when the assessment is done inadequately. On the off chance that this training doesn't reflect objectives and estimations of specific teaches, the appraisal ought to be rethought. There are two principle classes of appraisal: summative and developmental. Summative appraisals are utilized to assess how viable an instructional program has been to understudy. This evaluation is ordinarily given toward the finish of a specific exercise, unit or scholastic year. Summative evaluations are utilized to make a judgment of the competency of an understudy after a specific exercise has been finished. This assessment is given to decide whether a student has aced a particular norm or benchmark. It is likewise controlled so as to distinguish regions of guidance that may require extra consideration or alteration. Such appraisals are given as state sanctioned test that ordinarily have a solitary score. Summative appraisals are regularly a decent assessment for instructors and educational systems, in any case; such information doesn't exclusively mirror the mistaken assumptions that may frustrate a learner’s potentialâ evolvement. Developmental appraisal is utilized to improve instructional strategies and understudy criticism all through the educating and learning process. Developmental assessments are acted in a continuous, bit by bit methodology so as to watch a student’s handle of an idea. This procedure is shown by on-going appraisals, just as, audits and perceptions in the study hall setting. Through an instructors perceptions, the educator can reproduce the instructional methodology in the near future, so as to protect the approval on the exercise. Developmental appraisals might be directed as tests or execution undertakings in the study hall. Surveying a student developmentally takes into consideration more maintenance of the instructional material, and a superior handle on expanding upon that material. Evaluation desires wanted by teachers are the adequacy of the result. I imagine that an educator ought to take a stab at each student’s capacity. In arriving at this objective, educators must set reasonable desires for the understudies that one may instruct. In defining objectives for the understudies, understudies must have an away from of what is anticipated from the guidance and exercises. I accept that every desire that is set for an understudy ought to look like that specific child’s capacity and need. Every desire ought to be an impression of a student’s earlier information and the instructional association among idea and practice. Practicing reasonable desires inside the homeroom can be effectively settled through the motivations behind appraisals. Educators offer appraisals to understudies to recognize territories of shortcoming which can bring about the assurance to give better educating guidance. There are four purposes for appraisal of understudies: Monitoring understudy progress, settling on instructional choices, assessing understudy accomplishment and assessing progress. The primary motivation behind evaluation is checking understudy progress. In the wake of setting reasonable desires, information ought to be ordered to give the understudy and educator input about the movement of the desires that were set. This appraisal reason for existing is a ceaseless procedure that may bring about formal or casual information. This information, be that as it may; can prompt the individual movement of every understudy. The second reason for appraisal is settling on instructional choices. Educators will utilize gathered information of students’ comprehension to adjust training forms so as to give better guidance to the understudy. All together for the instructor to adjust the instructional undertakings for an understudy, the educator will watch the understudy. This perception will permit the educator to comprehend the manner in which the specific understudy thinks and applies guidance; in this way, making the guidance fit the kid, as opposed to fitting the youngster to the guidance. The third reason for appraisal is assessing understudy accomplishment. In assessing a student’s accomplishment, a teacher will look at the understudy and gain an educated judgment on the ground the understudy is getting. The judgment depends on the capacities of that specific understudy as opposed to in contrast with different understudies in the class. This permits the understudy to get an increasingly individualized assessment that considers the objectives that are set for the person in question. The fourth reason for appraisal is assessing programs. This appraisal is an accumulated assessment of the class, all in all, so as to make alterations to the guidance given to the understudies. These changes will permit understudies to, set elevated requirements, yet meet exclusive standards also. It is my feeling that adjustments in appraisals need to create so as to keep such assessments in accordance with change endeavors. A portion of the appraisals that are utilized today appear to be dated and may not give right approval of a student’s understanding. Surveying a student’s instructive potential is a collective endeavor for all that are engaged with the training of a youngster. Appraisals for watching students’ training, making instructional decisions, and assessing a student’s accomplishments have been in the hands of study hall educators, while evaluations for gaging programs have been upheld by offices outside the homeroom. I accept that evaluations for all reasons should be progressively defenseless and shared; which means, teachers ought to be engaged with the appraisal procedure for all reasons. The essential obligation regarding evaluation must be a mutual exertion in the event that it is to address the issues of today’s understudies.

The Tragedies of Two Heroes - Literature Essay Samples

In Beowulf and Berouls The Romance of Tristan, the heroes Beowulf and Tristan are magnificent fighters. Their numerous victories against seemingly insurmountable odds and powerful enemies are testaments to their battle-talents. Yet the two heroes employ violence in their exploits for different reasons and for different goals. While Beowulf engages in battle for almost purely an attraction to fighting and the recognition of violent success, Tristan does so out of passion and devotion to love.The Geat noble Beowulf is described and praised as a superb warrior as soon as he is introduced to those in need of his help. When Hrothgar first encounters Beowulf in his battered court, he recalls the fame of Edgetheows son: The seafarers used to say, I rememberthat this fighting man in his hands grasp had the strength of thirty other men (63). And Beowulf is quick to verify the rumor of the great power in his hands, relating the time I had bound five Giantstheir blood was upon me and when he crushed on the wave sea-serpents by night in narrow struggle, broken the beasts (64). Boastful, but seemingly able to substantiate his words with action, he asks as a matter of fact, And shall I not try a single match with this monster Grendel, a trial against this troll? (64).Beowulfs confidence in his abilities is quite apparent in this meeting of Geats and Danes, as is his desire to do battle as a gauge of his power. He offers to fight the monstrous descendant of Cain with more concern for testing himself than actually protecting Heorot. So that my lord Hygelac, my leader in war, may take joy in me, I abjure utterly the bearing of sword or shielding yellow board in this battle! the warrior declares (64-5). The battle with Grendel must be a fair one, so that if he wins Beowulf may claim renown and affirm yet another achievement for his legend. Conversely, if Beowulfs concern were primarily saving Hrothgars kingdom, the Geat would certainly welcome the support of weaponry a nd his men, strong warriors in their own right and perhaps valuable assistance in dealing with Grendel (although Beowulf easily defeats the hellish behemoth).The inclination toward battling for sport fuels Beowulfs heart at an even earlier age. During the initial feast at Heorot, Beowulf relates his swimming race with Breca when they are teenagers. Although morning finds Breca but not Beowulf cast by the sea on the coast of the Battle-Reams, Beowulf sheds a different light on who has won (68). Even after destroying the sea creatures that drag him down into the sea as he and Breca race, Beowulf searches out and kills seven sea-monsters, in the severest fight by night I have heard of (69). Nothing compels this behavior in the future king of the Geats more than a fiery desire for contest and test of his limits.In fact, Beowulfs desire to fight for satisfaction and glory continues until his death. Following the battle with Grendel, the Geat prince pursues Grendels mother and vanqui shes the monster in the Were; his prize for battling her is the head of Grendel. Having now saved Hrothgars people twice, Beowulf can joyously leave the Scylding state with a grand legacy for the Danes to forever remember him by.Beowulfs final battle with the dragon is another example of his desire for a challenge and a chance for triumph at an ancient age. While it should be noted that the elderly king of the Geats also sets out to fight because of the dragons decimation of his mead-hall and murder of his people, the dragons hoard is what Beowulf discusses in his speech to his subjects. Now shall hard edge, hand and blade, do battle for the hoard! he cries (130). By daring will I win this gold; war otherwise shall take your king, terrible lifes-bane! (131). And when Beowulf approaches death, the glory of his newly acquired treasure is what is on his mind. He tells Wiglaf, his beloved kinsman, Make haste, that I may gaze upon that golden inheritance, that ancient wealthmore ca lmly then may I on the treasures account take my departure of life and of the lordship I have long held (138). Once again, Beowulf here speaks also as a king who would like to leave his people a wealthy inheritance, but the fire of his pride and craving for triumph, however dimly lit, is still present as life wanes. Beowulf dies an aged man in sorrow, but he does take satisfaction at having lost his life fighting for something and winning it (139).Contrary to Beowulfs intentions for fighting, Rivalens son Tristan participates actively in violence for his love, Yseut the Fair. While his battle with Morholt is not motivated by passion for the Irish princess, most of the other battles and incidents of violence in which Tristan takes part involve some sort of symbol of devotion, protection, or retribution in the context of love. While Tristan, Yseut and Governal remain exiled in the Forest of Morrois, Tristans dog, Husdant, is released to determine whether he is miserable because of his master or it is mad (81). When Husdant is allowed to wander and finds his master, Tristan is the only person sorrowed by his appearance. Worried for him and his lovers safety, the nephew of Mark decides that it is Better for him to be killed than for us to be captured because of his barking. I regret very much that he will have to die, for he is a fine animal (83). Here, unequivocal devotion is shown by the knight, who for love of a fair lady would kill his companion Husdant, so loyal, so devoted to its master. Only through the advice of the very person for whom he would sacrifice his dog does Tristan spare the canine and try to teach him to hunt game without barking (83).Even after the love potion has worn off, the love Tristan has for Yseut is strong. When King Mark instructs Yseut that she must vindicate herself with oath, she devises a plan that would allow her to make a truthful swear, yet put Tristan in potential danger, should he be caught. While a simple lie for the Irish princess would suffice and not be such a dishonorable act (for she is already engaged in an adulterous relationship of her own will), Tristan is more than willing to shame himself in lepers dress and appearance and risk being caught.After Yseuts vindication, Tristan further participates in violence to eliminate his enemies, the ones who know of his relationship to Yseut. Hiding in a thicket of thorn bushes, he first kills away Denoalan ruthlessly. To save himself he cut off the villains head and did not even give him the time to say, I am wounded (146). Adding to the brutality, Tristan cuts Denoalans hair off to show Yseut. When he visits Yseuts chambers later, with her help against the light by the curtain he saw Godwins head (148). The battle-accustomed knight kills the nosy baron with a bow and arrow, which pierced Godwins eye and went deep into his head and his brain (148). If Tristan can help it, no one who jeopardizes his affair with Yseut will survive. The ba rons, evilly portrayed in the poem but simply harsh, disapproving advisors of King Mark, are brutal victims of Tristans deep love for Marks queen.Tristans final and perhaps most blatant violent outburst occurs when he arrives at Cornwall from Brittany. Desperate to see his love, Tristan resorts to self-mutilation and mad force to find his way to Yseut. He did not want anyone to think he was in his senses and he tore his clothes and scratched his face. He struck any man who crossed his path. He had his fair hair shorn off He walked along looking like a fool and everyone shouted after him and threw stones at his head (153-4). Although Beroul tells us that Tristan does these things to give the appearance of madness, his willingness to perform such acts lend credence to Tristans vulnerability to violent madness as a result of his deep passion. Nothing, not even his own dignity and identity, compromised through violent means, will deprive his loyalty to Yseut.Both Beowulf and Trista n are examples of tragic heroes willing to use violence in extremes in order to arrive at goals or maintain happiness. Beowulf, in his desire for universal fame and for the joy of battle, risks his life without second thoughts. The Geat-kings final endeavor, though he does not have to embark on it since the dragon only seeks to protect its treasure, is one that he cannot resist, and it costs him his life. On the other hand, Tristan has violent tendencies and a tolerance or fearlessness of violence because of his insatiable hunger for love. He is willing to kill his enemies, his companions, even hurt himself or let himself be hurt, for the sake of keeping his affair with Yseut alive and thriving. Ultimately, the tragedy lies in the fact that the violence cannot produce solutions for these heroes problems at the most important moments; for all Beowulfs exploits and triumphs in battle, he does not gain the complete loyalty and respect of his men in his final battle (and perhaps di es because of their cowardice), and Tristan ironically dies from the attack of a knight victimized by his wifes adultery, which Tristan helps perpetuate.

The Complete College Planning Infographic

This is a very complete and detailed graphic calendar for students and parents to follow for applying and becoming accepted to college. It also covers student aid and scholarships and when to begin applying for them. It begins with things to do in the 9th grade such as seeing the guidance counselor and getting involved with extracurricular activities. Also it covers how parents should start planning for paying for college if they have not already started a savings fund for it. In 10th grade students prepare by taking the PSAT and look into taking subjects that are covered in the SAT. By the 11th grade, students are a lot more proactive with the steps that need to be taken to get accepted into college and are able to narrow their preferred fields of study. Also they will have taken the SAT and ACT tests to have the scores ready to be sent in with applications. By 12th grade top choice colleges will be chosen for the students choice in major and applications can be filled out, sent in, and time to await the acceptance letters. Source: Online College Plan.comPin49RedditShare1 Comment

Expansion of knowledge in the modern era - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4939 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Owing to the rapid changes and explosion of knowledge we have to combat with the modern era. Research is the basic requirement of this and for the forthcoming challenges of the commercial and materialistic world. So understanding phenomena and making my mind practically explore. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Expansion of knowledge in the modern era" essay for you Create order I joined FBL Arifwala and collected some data of the bank and compiled this report in such away that a salient feature to be highlighted for the researcher and concerning people of the bank. The division of this report consists of various chapters as in Introduction of Banking system, History of FBL, Marketing Operations. I discussed about the procedure of getting different type of loans and advances, then I discussed different departments and its function. I discussed the SWOT analysis of FBL. I gave different type of conclusion and recommend to different problems. History of FBL Faysal Bank started operations in Pakistan in 1987, first as a branch set-up of Faysal Islamic Bank of Bahrain and then in 1995 as a locally incorporated Pakistani bank under the present name of Faysal Bank. On January 1, 2002, Al Faysal Investment Bank Limited, another group entity in Pakistan, merged into Faysal Bank Limited which resulted in a larger, stronger and much more versatile institution. Faysal Bank Limited is a full service banking institution offering banking facilities to its individual and corporate customers. Our widespread and growing network of branches in the four provinces of the country and Azad Kashmir, together with corporate offices in major cities, provides efficient services in an effective manner. Faysal Bank also operates standalone Islamic banking branches under Barkat Islamic Banking brand. Faysal Bank is a progressive financial institution, forever striving to offer innovative products and quality services in easily accessible ways for greater customer convenience. We offer value added deposit products and customized consumer financing solutions. We also offer a host of corporate, commercial and investment banking services which include funding and trade finance facilities and corporate advisory services, along with a wide array of tools to help customers achieve their business goals. The strength and stability of Faysal Bank Limited is evident through the Credit Rating of AA (Double A) for long to medium term and A-1+ (A One Plus) for short term assigned to it by both JCR-VIS Credit Rating Company Limited and Pakistan Credit Rating Agency Limited (PACRA). The majority share holding of Faysal Bank is held by Ithmaar Bank B.S.C, an investment bank listed in Bahrain with the balance shares in the hands of general public, NIT and other Pakistani institutions. introduction of fbl arifwala FBL inaugurated is new branch at Thana Bazar Arifwala in December, 2008. On the very first day Bank gained deposit from different customers almost four lacks. The major competitors of FBL are Habib Bank, Bank Alfalah, The Bank of Punjab and The National Bank earned the huge profits. Therefore, to gain the business FBL launched its Arifwala Branch with bright and clear vision of customer service. In short period of time branch achieved tremendous deposits. Volumes and prove his reorganization in banking industry of Arifwala. Introduction of FBL Vision Statement Excellence in all that we do. Mission Statement Achieve leadership in providing financial services in chosen markets through innovation. Core Values Our daily code of conduct. structure of fbl Organizational Structure (Organizational Chart) 3. business operation 3.1 branch structure 3.2 SWOT ANALYSIS Strength FBL developing delivering the most innovative products. The customers are satisfied with the bank services. Branch Manager and Area Manager having good coordination with staff and make environment friendly. Customer gives suggestion for the improvement of bank. Bank is having the security system like /CCC. Employees should be provided sufficient salary so that he may work whole heartedly and devotedly Bank provides entertainment facilities to every customer. Backed by strong Ithmarr Bank B.S.C an Investment Bank. FBL is pursuing the path of excellence keeping in view the satisfaction lf its Customers. His priority is the best service to his customers. FBL provides the fiancà ©s assistance to every individual for car, home fiancà ©, and agriculture which facilitate bank to get market excellence and move towards prosperity and development. Weaknesses The bank is not educating about his products and services. The bank generally gives importance t o rich and educated people while ignoring the uneducated people. The bank should help his customer how to fill forms slips and cheque. The rural customer feel hesitant to enter in executive environment and have problem with language, (Language barrier / Urdu, English conversation. Less volume as compare to big cities. Mismanagement of time is another big mistake FBL branches. The bank is not quick in a Service to the Customers in depositing and withdrawing. OPPORTUNITIES: The new government strives to uplift the economy and do reforms in financial sector it will yield positive result in the banking industry of the country. Steps are taken by the Government regarding the betterment of the economy, small borrowers are attracted to get the financing and start small businesses. FBL faces hard Competition so he should take aggressive steps to increase its business. Introduces credit card facility. Establishing foreign branches FBL introduced number of financial schemes including Faysal Moavin, Faysal Izafa, Faysal Izafa plus, Term deposits etc. During few years FBL deposits have been increasing .this is very healthy sign. Threats  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€š The Competition has become severe by the entrants of so many banks in the town. Excellent arrangements and good services are to be provided to satisfy its shareholders otherwise they will lose their confidence. The current economic situation of the country affecting the business activity. The economic conditions of the country are deteorating day by day and it doesnt make healthy effect on the banking system.  3.3 MARKETING STRATEGY Marketing policies are also one of the most important policies because they are related to the growth of the organization. Marketing for a bank would mean: Creation of new product and services. The bank marketing must be consumer oriented. To provide the maximum awareness of IT (ATM use) to customer. Provide better services to customer satisfaction. Avoid racism among customers. Customize products according to customer need. Provide good environment to customers so that they can easy feel FBL Arifwala branch offers a special rate to customer Advertisement policies of this branch are very attractiveness for customer These policies can be implemented by providing the facilities and services to the customer at the right place, at the right time, at the right price. It is necessary for the managers to keep in touch with consumers, observe their needs and develop products, which meets their needs. PROMOTIONAL POLICIES: Public relation and advertising has assumed a great significance in the modern banking business. The main objectives of the bank are to inform and motivate the existing clients as well as new ones. FBL establishes its purpose through The existing account holder. Actuate its own employees. Integration with business organizations. Community relations. 3.4 COMPETITIVE Edge: Same is the case with the services offered by Bank. Services are the main tool through which the bank acquires new customers and retain them. These services are not merely to earn profit, but to keep pace with the changing needs of the customers and modern days banking trends. These services include Home Remittances, Hajj Services, Utility Bills, Lockers and Commodity Operations. Along with these core services provided by the bank, online banking and Internet banking serve as supplementary services. Call Center: Centralized (24x 7) call center facilitate the customer all around the country. 24/7 call center 0800-111-325 Free service No charge for customers maintaining monthly average balance of Rs 500,000/- for Faysal Sahulat current accounts on the following services: Issuance of Pay Orders 120 per year. 1 small locker per customer (subject to the availability) Duplicate statement of account. Annual fee of pocket mate visa debit card. Issuance of check cheque book 100 leaves per year. Online Facility: Now the bank gives you the absolute convenience of instant access to a host of banking facilities and personalized services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. Online Features: In online banking Faysal Sahulat is the supreme. The account is specially designed to address the needs of those individual (joint, salaried, retired) and business customers who seek instant access to their funds at any FBL Branch across Pakistan. Balances can be checked from any Branch. Facility is available for the transfer of funds. Know the history of your account. Take the statement of your account through fax. Get information about currency exchange rates. Find out status of your card or loan application Instructions to stop payment are also available. Incase cheque book is lost, it can be reported. Facility to change address and telephone number is available. Internet Banking: Internet Banking offers the customers convenience to manage and control his banking and finances when she/he wants, where she/he wants! Its Simple, Convenient, Secure and Faster. So, just by clicking one can enjoy this facility. ATM card facility is also available. Convenience: Why visit the bank when you can better use your precious time to meet other commitments? With ONLINE, our special discounted charges also offer you substantial savings. 3.5 Business process analysis PRODUCT AND SERVICE: FBL is a progressive bank striving to offer innovative products, easy accessibility, quality service convenience to our customers. We offer customized financing solutions with flexible criteria and convenient loan tenures. You can avail car, home and personal loans through our various branches. We also offer a host of Corporate Investment Banking Services to our clients, which include financial and corporate advisory services, along with a wide array of tools to help them achieve their goals. Deposit Accounts Consumer Loans Faysal Savings Account Car Finance Rozana Munafa plus Account House Finance Basic Banking Account Faysal Moavin Faysal Premium Faysal Izafa Mahfooz Sarmaya FCY Saving Plus Corporate Investment Banking Services Corporate Financing Pocket Mate Visa Debit Card SME Finance Trade Financing Transfer of Funds Treasury Capital Markets Safe Deposit Lockers Investment Banking Non-stop Banking Agricultural Financing Cash Management Account Opening Activity: Required docoument: NIC copy of customer Introducer ID Copy. Business Card/ Salary slip. Customer: The person who actually open the account or getting services. Introducer: Introducer is a person having the account in same branch and gives guarantee about the customer. If the introducer is not proper than state bank charges RS 5000/- per head from that employee of the bank who has opened the account of the customer on the request of the introducer. Procedure of Account Opening: First of all, the customer is required to fill an application form. Then he attaches the photocopy of his identity card and fills the signatory cards. Now he fills the pay-in slip and deposits money on the counter. Bank allotted an account number within one day after confirming from the head office which is at Mall road Lahore. Now he fills the pay-in slip and deposits money on the counter. Account holder Documents: Applicant Form. Signature card Next of kin Account Opening Form: Account opening form consist of Category of account Currency Title of account Account number Customer information Initial deposit Authorized person in case of customer death Specimen Signature Card: Specimen signature card is kept to check the correctness of signature. (According to NIC) Next of Kin: In the next of kin the customer authorized the bank to pay the proceedings of her/his PLS/Current foreign currency account to the related person by describing the relationship of the person with the customer after the death of the customer. Letter of Thanks: After opening an account the bank will issue the letter of thanks to the customer. Issuance of Cheque Book: Cheque book is issued to the customer after sending the letter of thanks when the customer comes with the latter of thanks and requests for the issuance of the cheque book. A cheque book (usually having 25 leaves) is issued to the customer. Closing of Account: The customer can close the account. The customer is required to submit an application for closing the account. The account is closed out and his balance is paid to him after deducting the closing charges. There are many reasons for closing of account Account holder Owen request Death of account holder Closing of account due to the bad manners of account holder Required Procedure for Opening an Account: First of all, the customer gets an application from the bank, which requires all information necessary for opening account and also the documents required. An account can be opened as: An individual account Joint account Proprietorship account Limited company account Partnership Information Required by the Bank: Name Address Telephone No. Currency of Account Nature of Business Country of Residency Special instructions regarding the account Signatures Documentation In case of limited company accounts: Photocopy of National Identity Card of each director Application form Copy of companys memorandum and articles of association List of directors Copy of board resolution Certificate of incorporation Their signature cards Certificate to commence business Documentation In case of Partnership Account: Application form A copy of partnership deed Signature cards of partners Registration certificate copy A copy of National Identity Card of each partner REMITTANCE DEPARTMENT ACTIVITY The need of remittance is commonly felt in todays business. A major function of any bank is to transfer of funds from one place to another. FBL uses the following modes of transfer of funds. a)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Demand draft (DD) b)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Pay order (PO) c)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Call deposit d)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Pay slip Demand Draft It is instrument, which is used to transfer amount from one city to another city it can be made on cash as well as on cheque. If it is made through cheque that it is necessary that person must be A/c account holder while in case of cash any person can make. The demand draft is secured mode of payment. It consists of three copies. 1)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Original copy, which is given to account holder. 2)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   DD advice is sent to the central branch. 3)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Third copy is for reconciliation. Its photocopy is kept with us (bank) While original is sent to head office for reconciliation. Procedure The client who wants to transfer his fund from one place to another he is required to fill the banks slip (DD). Beneficiary name Applicants name Address Amount to be sent etc. Bank deducts some charges against DD. CASH DEPARTMENT ACTIVITY Cash department of FBL works under the operation department. This department is given the complete responsibility of cash, as result of transaction in touch local and foreign currencies. It is also responsible for the book keeping of these transactions and the safe custody of cash. This department performs the main function. a)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Cash receipts b)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Cash payments Cash Receipts The customer deposit the amount with deposit slip to cash counter. The officer check the amount according to slip and confirm with computerized receipt to the customer. CASH PAYMENTS OF CHEQUE Mr. Tariq deals with cash payments the process for payment of cheque local and foreign currency is same. First the cheque is presented by the customer or holder to cash payment officer. He confirms that it is drawn on the same branch and the particulars of cheque are properly filled in. Two signature of the holder is taken on the back of the cheque. Cheque is handed over to the officer cash department for scrutiny where officer checks the date, amount in wor ds and amount in figures, payees name, crossing if any, account number, cheque serial number, any material alterations / endorsements and signature of the customer. Account is debited and then the officer cancels cheque. It is posted in the system and posting stamp and number is affixed on it. Cheque is handed over to the cash payment officer for payment. One more signature on that back of the cheque is taken from the holder to match with the first one, and then cash is paid to the cash detail is written on the Back of the cheque. Cash paid stamp is affixed on the face of the cheque. Entry is passed in the cash payment register and system. Consumer Loans ACTIVITY Faysal Car Finance: Plan your finances in a way that is straightforward, affordable and easy to attain, now its easy to be in the driver seat! Faysal Car Finance is available for Locally manufactured vehicles Tenure up to 5 years Variable rate lease (12 month KIBOR + 5% annually) Minimum customer equity 20% Eligibility Criteria Applicant should be between 21 years to 60 years of age. With 3 years of employment or established business. Documents Required For Salaried Individual/Professional Individuals Attested copy of CNIC (please bring original CNIC for verification) 2 recent passport sized photographs. Proof of income (Salary Slip/ Salary Certificate) Proof of profession/business. Bank statement for past 12 months. Copy of latest Utility Bill / Bills of Cell phone / Credit Card Bills. NTN Certificate. Copy of valid driving License. Duly filled application form. Faysal Home Finance Live a happy and carefree life, away from financial worries, in a way that is straightforward, affordable and easy to attain. Faysal Home Finance is available for Buying a new home Building a new home Renovation of existing home For Buying a Home Maximum financing amount available is 70% of the market value of property Repayment period is between 3 years to 20 years. For Building a Home Maximum financing amount available is 70% of value of land plus construction. Repayment period is between 1 year to 20 years. Repayment is monthly installments. For Renovating Home Maximum financing amount available is 50% of the market value of property or Rs. 20 million, whichever is lower. Repayment period is between 3 years to 20 years. Repayment In monthly installments. Eligibility Criteria Applicant to be between 21 years to 60 years of age, Resident of Pakistan or a non resident Pakistani. With 2 years of employment of which at least 1 year at present place of employment or 3 years established business. Applicant is tax payer and holds a valid NTN. Document Required Attested copy of CNIC (please bring original CNIC for verification) 2 recent passport sized photographs. Tex returns for past 3 years. Bank statement for past 12 months. Copy of latest Utility Bill / Bills of Cell phone / Credit Card Bills. NTN Certificate. Faysal Personal Finance Get rid of your financial anxieties. Live comfortably in a straight forward, affordable and easy to attain way. Faysal personal finance for is available for Up to an amount of Rs. 5,00000/- Equal monthly installment. Repayable over three months. Eligibility criteria Applicant to be between 21 years to 60 years of age. Minimum net income 30,000/- per month. Applicant is tax payer and holds a valid NTN. Corporate and Investment ACTIVITY Corporate Financing: FBL Limited is fully geared to meet the changing economic challenges present in Pakistan. We are ever striving to build meaningful relationships with our customers and become partners in their growth and progress by acting as financial advisors and consultants as well as financiers. Our Corporate Finance Group extends both short and long term financing facilities designed to fulfill the individual need of each corporate customer. Small and Medium Enterprise Financing: Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) unit of the Bank is geared towards catering to the banking requirements of small to medium businesses in a timely and therefore cost effective manner. All the branches of FBL are equipped to speedily attend incoming financing requests from SMEs. We help our customers grow from strength to strength by acting as their bankers and financial advisors. Trade Financing: FBL has established a strong presence globally in Trade Financing through its network, affiliates and correspondents. The Bank has conveniently maintained relationships with major banks in the international financial market and continues to develop new ones wherever needed. Our Trade Finance services include a full range of import, export and guarantee products, thus offering tailor-made solution to fit the individual need of each customer. Treasury and Capital Markets: FBL Treasury is one of the leading market makers in quoting competitive prices in all major currencies and provides dynamic corporate and institutional Marketing teams with up-to-date market information. Our cutting edge is the in-time advice and execution of deals for our customers. FBL treasury team strives to satisfy the customers financial needs in a timely and a flawless manner. FBL has earned immaculate reputation in the field of Capital Markets, which is quite evident from our track record and market share in this area. Investment Banking: With the ever-changing business environment in Pakistan, companies need expert partners with a keen understanding of business to help achieve profit objectives. At FBL, we offer the leaders of businesses and institutions, corporate advisory services and a wide array of tools to help them accomplish their goals. We advise and facilitate the arrangement of commercial paper, syndications, mergers, acquisitions and underwriting arrangements amongst many others. Whether the customers require financing of a project or managing of investments, we can guide them through the markets and tailor a solution to meet their specific needs. Agricultural Financing: FBL offers specialized products for the agricultural sector. The branches located in agricultural areas of Pakistan are all equipped to help the local farmers improve their yield and methods of farming by offering timely and affordable modes of financing to suit their needs. To increase its outreach into agricultural regions of Pakistan, FBL has entered into strategic alliances with other specialized banks through which it will be financing the needs of farmers. 3.6 Analysis: After working in that environment of FAYSAL Bank of Arifwala I found following point in analyzing Business Process of the Organization. Well-Defined Tasks and Duties: The tasks and duties are defined in such a way that it becomes very easier for the employees to perform their assigned tasks. Due to the implementation of modern techniques the efficiency and accuracy of the work force has been greatly increased. Proper Supervision: There is a proper supervision system to check and evaluate the performance of each employee. It is the duty of Operations Manager to make sure that every employee is giving the desired performance. Caring Environment for the customer: The environment of the bank is caring for the customers and every customer is dealt with proper care and attention. All the employees have very professional attitude and know the worth of the customer for the business. Cooperative and Supportive Staff: The behavior of the staff with the customers is very cooperative and every employee is ready to facilitate the customer on his best in order to increase the customers satisfaction level. Lack of customer relationship desk: It was observed that there was no customer relationship officer is the branch to guide the customer to solve their problems and to tell them that what should they do and where should they go for the solution of their problems. As a result the customers keep on disturbing all the employees in order to get their problem solved. Difficulty in Handling of Illiterate Customers: As the branch is located in such an area where main business is of spare parts and steel manufacturing, the majority of the customers is illiterate. Thus it is not very easy for the Employees to handle these customers. Increashed Workload: Due to the new regulations of the state bank to deduct 0.3% tax on every check amounting to more than 25000, the customers started issuing too many check to avoid this tax. As a result the overall work load on employees has been significantly increased. Employees Motivation: It was observed that at present motivation level of the employees is not very much high because of the currently announced salary increments, which is not up to the employees expectation level and because of some other reasons such as, increased workload etc. 4. LEARNING as a Student Intern 4.1 Duties Among different departments are the following. Fund Mobilization Department Remittance Department. Accounts Department Sorting of cheques and vouchers. Cutting of day end reports arranged and also put these into files. Punching of documents to put these into files. Copies at photocopy machine. Making of different expense vouchers for Branch. Making letter for sending to customer in case of dormant account. Stamps on completed vouchers for keeping of record. Making entry of completed vouchers into voucher register as well as into computer. FUND MOBILIZATION DEPARTMENT Procedure of customers Account Opening. Letter of thanks for sending to the customer against opening of Account. Entry of these letters into register before posting to customers. Pasting of Account opening documents into separate register after completion of Account opening procedure. REMITTANCE DEPARTMENT Stamps at the back of cheques for Token no. and detail of notes. Entries of these cheques into payment register of cashier as well as into token register. Filling up of cheques and slips in case of payments and receipts of cash. 4.2 ACCOMPLISHMENTS By performing above activities every one is able to perform all the activities of account department as well as fund mobilization department. 4.3 New knowledge Acquired The thing are learnt, Manage time for reach to the office as well as to finish my official work. Deal with customer according to their personality. Open an account with different procedure in case of different situation. Punch documents for putting these into files Copy at photocopy machine. Analyze different day end reports. Fill a different voucher which is use as daily routine I learn how analyze statement of affair I get a knowledge about procedure of issue of loan Know about agri finance department and about of activity Learn how mange finance and budget I learn the techniques, customers relation and negotiation skills. Problems Encountered During the internship, I had a little bit problems. Because the branch was newly established. I have problem to analyze the income statement but the senior officer helps me. Getting customer views regarding FBL _ Problematic, because customers are dissatisfied. Branch located is faraway from the business market ( Grain, Fruit, Vegetable) so the clients are reluctant to deposit huge amount of money. Bank has shown remarkable growth during the last years and earned profits. But in banking environment where other commercial banks are developing their system and providing more attractive packages to the clients. Agri finance dept offers loans to farmers more then 10 acres of land. FBL setup is new, working is fully computerized but there is no appropriate support i.e. shortage of IT equipment. Moreover ATM facility is not available for accountholders. 4.5 How Internship will Impact My Carrieer This internship at Faysal Bank will prove very important for me during my professional career. Because it was my first learning experience of working in a organization. It will be very helpful for me to show discipline, hard working and how work is done in any organization. No doubt it will prove a bright sign in my future. The following experience has gain during working with operational management. Control of Expenditure The studied that there should be a control on expenditure, which will help in increasing profitability of organization. In practical the things observed that branches reduce their expenditures and cost of services. Finalization of accounts The studied that organizations prepare their profits and loss accounts, balance sheet, cash flow statement and also monthly and annual reports. Practically analyzed that these statements along with customer accounts (transactions) are compiled on the daily basis due to efficient computer software Bank Smart. Information Management The studied that finance department is a decision tools to management, in practice it is analyzed that accounts department, prepared daily reconciliation regarding deposits, reports for management. Decision making 5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS After spending six weeks at different departments of the bank, interacting with the employees, getting their views, observing the organizational structure and design, the following suggestions that can improve a few weaknesses observed in the bank. Flexible Policies The bank should be adopting flexible policies, especially in the areas of the recruitment, promotions, evaluation of the employees otherwise the high turnover observed in the bank will continue to create problems for the bank now and in the future. Job security Present, employees are not satisfied with the job. Lake of training and seniors Pressure provide dissatisfaction to the employees. Permanent Hiring The fresh hiring should be made permanent so that they are secured of their future. Further the allowances and perquisites attached with the permanent jobs will also increase the motivation level of the employees. Job Training Programs The bank should place emphasis on the organization of effective training and development programs for its new as well as existing employees so that these are gradually updated regarding the recent developments in the field of banking. Perquisites and Allowances The number of allowances and perquisites for the employees should be increased to ensure that they put their body and soul in the jobs assigned to them. Revival of the Charges The rates for the various charges provided by the bank should be brought down a bit, as it would result in increase in the number of customers of the bank. Adoption of Effective technology The current unibank system used by the bank is very slow in processing so my view is that the bank should try to adopt some other but more effective form of technology in order to provide comfort to the customers as well as the staff. Decentralization The higher authorities should form team-based management rather than centralized management. It would result in improvement in uplifting the morale of the employees. They will be more motivated and involved in all their operations resulting in overall effectiveness of the organization. Glossary BM Branch Manager OM Operation Manager CSO Customer Service Officer CRM Customer Relationship Manager CRO Customer Relationship Officer AOF Account Opening Form PKR Pakistani Currency A/C Account ATM Automatic Teller Machine PIN Personal Identification Number CNIC Computerized National Identity Card Number NTN National Tax Number OBC Outward Billing Collection CBR Cheque Book Request DD Demand Draft KYC Know Your Customer